传习录

51

51· 陸澄錄

问:「孔子谓武王未尽善,恐亦有不满意?」

先生曰:「在武王自合如此。」

曰:「使文王未没,毕竟如何?」

曰:「文王在时,天下三分已有其二。若到武王伐商之时,文王若在,或者不致兴兵,必然这一分亦来归了。文王只善处纣,使不得纵恶而已。」

有人问:「孔子说武王的乐『未尽善』,恐怕也有不满意的意思?」

先生说:「在武王,本来就该如此。」

问:「假使文王不死,结果会怎样?」

答:「文王在世时,天下三分已占有其二。若到武王伐商的时候文王还在,或许不至于兴兵,那剩下的一份也必然来归附了。文王只是善于对付纣王,使他不能肆意作恶罢了。」

Someone asked: 'Confucius said King Wu's music was not wholly good — was there some dissatisfaction?'

The Master said: 'For King Wu it could hardly be otherwise.'

'Had King Wen not died, how would it have ended?'

'In Wen's day, two of the world's three parts were already his. Had Wen still lived at the time of Wu's campaign, arms might never have been raised: the remaining third would have come over of itself. Wen simply managed the tyrant Zhou well, keeping him from giving full rein to evil.'

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